SEC Filing | ImmunoGen, Inc.

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2020

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number 0-17999

ImmunoGen, Inc.

Massachusetts		04-2726691
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

830 Winter Street, Waltham, MA 02451

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(781) 895-0600

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

	Title of Each Class		Trading Symbol		Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
	Common Stock, $.01 par value		IMGN		Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ⌧ Yes ◻ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ⌧ Yes ◻ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12-b2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ◻	Accelerated filer ⌧
Non-accelerated filer ◻	Smaller reporting company ☒
	Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ⌧ No

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Shares of common stock, par value $.01 per share: 187,527,748 shares outstanding as of October 30, 2020.

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IMMUNOGEN, INC.

FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTER ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020

TABLE OF CONTENTS


Item		Page Number
	Part I
	Financial Information
1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	2

1a.	Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019	2

1b.	Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019	3

1c.	Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ (Deficit) Equity for the three months ended March 31, June 30, and September 30, 2020 and the three months ended March 31, June 30, September 30, and December 31, 2019	4

1d.	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019	5

1e.	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	6

2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	21

3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	31

4.	Controls and Procedures	31

	Part II
	Other Information
1A.	Risk Factors	31

6.	Exhibits	32

	Signatures	33

Forward looking statements

This report includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements relate to analyses and other information which are based on forecasts of future results and estimates of amounts that are not yet determinable.

These statements also relate to our future prospects, developments, and business strategies. These forward-looking statements are identified by their use of terms and phrases such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “predict,” “project,” “will,” and other similar terms and phrases, including references to assumptions. These statements are contained in the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Risk Factors” sections, as well as the notes to our financial statements and other sections of this report.

These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause actual results to be materially different from those contemplated by our forward-looking statements. These known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors are described in detail in the “Risk Factors” section and in other sections of this report and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on March 11, 2020, as updated and/or supplemented in subsequent filings with the SEC. Except as required by law, we disclaim any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

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ITEM 1. Financial Statements

IMMUNOGEN, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(UNAUDITED)

In thousands, except per share amounts


	September 30,		December 31,
	2020		2019
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	188,217	$	176,225
Accounts receivable		5,050		7,500
Unbilled revenue/reimbursement		5		1,001
Contract assets		—		3,631
Non-cash royalty receivable		18,180		15,116
Prepaid and other current assets		7,875		5,425
Total current assets		219,327		208,898
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation		5,578		6,993
Operating lease right-of-use assets		14,477		15,587
Other assets		8,570		3,784
Total assets	$	247,952	$	235,262
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
Accounts payable	$	8,913	$	9,933
Accrued compensation		3,942		8,991
Other accrued liabilities		21,114		13,932
Convertible 4.5% senior notes, net of deferred financing costs of $11		2,089		—
Current portion of liability related to the sale of future royalties, net of deferred financing costs of $402 and $635, respectively		56,603		41,274
Current portion of operating lease liability		3,175		2,971
Current portion of deferred revenue		3,985		309
Total current liabilities		99,821		77,410
Deferred revenue, net of current portion		126,541		127,123
Operating lease liability, net of current portion		19,403		21,798
Convertible 4.5% senior notes, net of deferred financing costs of $22		—		2,078
Liability related to the sale of future royalties, net of current portion and deferred financing costs of $625 and $859, respectively		42,260		82,267
Other long-term liabilities		2,818		707
Total liabilities		290,843		311,383
Commitments and contingencies (Note I)
Shareholders’ deficit:
Preferred stock, $.01 par value; authorized 5,000 shares; no shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2020		—		—
Common stock, $.01 par value; authorized 300,000 and 200,000 shares; issued and outstanding 174,585 and 150,136 shares as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively		1,746		1,501
Additional paid-in capital		1,318,591		1,209,846
Accumulated deficit		(1,363,228)		(1,287,468)
Total shareholders’ deficit		(42,891)		(76,121)
Total liabilities and shareholders’ deficit	$	247,952	$	235,262

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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IMMUNOGEN, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(UNAUDITED)

In thousands, except per share amounts



	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Revenues:
License and milestone fees	$	97	$	79	$	1,325	$	5,237
Non-cash royalty revenue related to the sale of future royalties		18,087		13,202		45,159		32,102
Research and development support		5		—		17		68
Total revenues		18,189		13,281		46,501		37,407
Operating expenses:
Research and development		24,685		21,015		75,014		88,467
General and administrative		10,231		9,208		28,862		28,686
Restructuring charge		—		1,020		1,524		20,921
Total operating expenses		34,916		31,243		105,400		138,074
Loss from operations		(16,727)		(17,962)		(58,899)		(100,667)
Investment income, net		11		1,032		719		3,741
Non-cash interest expense on liability related to the sale of future royalties and convertible senior notes		(5,645)		(4,275)		(17,428)		(11,525)
Interest expense on convertible senior notes		(24)		(24)		(71)		(71)
Other income (expense), net		11		(521)		(81)		(425)
Net loss	$	(22,374)	$	(21,750)	$	(75,760)	$	(108,947)
Basic and diluted net loss per common share	$	(0.13)	$	(0.15)	$	(0.44)	$	(0.74)
Basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding		174,508		148,479		172,215		148,143
Total comprehensive loss	$	(22,374)	$	(21,750)	$	(75,760)	$	(108,947)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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IMMUNOGEN, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ (DEFICIT) EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)

In thousands


				Additional				Total
	Common Stock			Paid-In		Accumulated		Shareholders’
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Deficit		(Deficit) Equity
Balance at December 31, 2018	149,400	$	1,494	$	1,192,813	$	(1,183,335)	$	10,972
Net loss	—		—		—		(43,751)		(43,751)
Issuance of common stock pursuant to the exercise of stock options and employee stock purchase plan	25		—		68		—		68
Stock option and restricted stock compensation expense	—		—		5,007		—		5,007
Directors’ deferred share unit compensation	—		—		100		—		100
Balance at March 31, 2019	149,425	$	1,494	$	1,197,988	$	(1,227,086)	$	(27,604)
Net loss	—		—		—		(43,446)		(43,446)
Issuance of common stock pursuant to stock plans	354		3		667		—		670
Restricted stock award	106		1		(1)		—		—
Stock option and restricted stock compensation expense	—		—		2,106		—		2,106
Directors’ deferred share unit compensation	—		—		100		—		100
Balance at June 30, 2019	149,885	$	1,498	$	1,200,860	$	(1,270,532)	$	(68,174)
Net loss	—		—		—		(21,750)		(21,750)
Issuance of common stock pursuant to the exercise of stock options and employee stock purchase plan	30		—		73		—		73
Restricted stock award forfeitures	(227)		—		—		—		—
Stock option and restricted stock compensation expense	—		—		3,580		—		3,580
Directors’ deferred share unit compensation	—		—		46		—		46
Balance at September 30, 2019	149,688	$	1,498	$	1,204,559	$	(1,292,282)	$	(86,225)
Net income	—		—		—		4,814		4,814
Issuance of common stock pursuant to the exercise of stock options and employee stock purchase plan	741		7		2,054		—		2,061
Restricted stock award, net of forfeitures	(293)		(4)		4		—		—
Stock option and restricted stock compensation expense	—		—		3,138		—		3,138
Directors’ deferred share unit compensation	—		—		91		—		91
Balance at December 31, 2019	150,136	$	1,501	$	1,209,846	$	(1,287,468)	$	(76,121)
Net loss	—		—		—		(29,088)		(29,088)
Issuance of common stock pursuant to the exercise of stock options and employee stock purchase plan	86		1		239		—		240
Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs	24,524		245		97,499		—		97,744
Restricted stock units vested	2		—		—		—		—
Restricted stock award forfeitures	(487)		(4)		4		—		—
Stock option and restricted stock compensation expense	—		—		3,122		—		3,122
Balance at March 31, 2020	174,261	$	1,743	$	1,310,710	$	(1,316,556)	$	(4,103)
Net loss	—		—		—		(24,298)		(24,298)
Issuance of common stock pursuant to the exercise of stock options and employee stock purchase plan	122		1		424		—		425
Adjustment of issuance costs	—		—		(1)		—		(1)
Restricted stock units vested	157		1		(1)		—		—
Stock option and restricted stock compensation expense	—		—		3,409		—		3,409
Directors’ deferred share unit compensation	—		—		45		—		45
Balance at June 30, 2020	174,540	$	1,745	$	1,314,586	$	(1,340,854)	$	(24,523)
Net loss	—		—		—		(22,374)		(22,374)
Issuance of common stock pursuant to the exercise of stock options and employee stock purchase plan	45		1		127		—		128
Stock option and restricted stock compensation expense	—		—		3,729		—		3,729
Directors’ deferred share unit compensation	—		—		149		—		149
Balance at September 30, 2020	174,585	$	1,746	$	1,318,591	$	(1,363,228)	$	(42,891)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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IMMUNOGEN, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

In thousands




	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2020		2019

Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(75,760)	$	(108,947)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used for operating activities:
Non-cash royalty revenue related to sale of future royalties		(45,159)		(32,102)
Non-cash interest expense on liability related to sale of future royalties and convertible senior notes		17,428		11,525
Depreciation and amortization		1,569		3,277
(Gain) loss on sale/disposal of fixed assets and impairment charges		(691)		2,544
Operating lease right-of-use asset impairment		—		694
Stock and deferred share unit compensation		10,454		10,939
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		2,450		1,607
Unbilled revenue/reimbursement		996		(2,392)
Contract asset		3,631		500
Prepaid and other current assets		(2,450)		(499)
Operating lease right-of-use assets		1,110		994
Other assets		(4,786)		296
Accounts payable		(1,028)		(3,751)
Accrued compensation		(4,651)		2,336
Other accrued liabilities		8,829		(6,058)
Deferred revenue		3,094		65,050
Operating lease liability		(2,191)		(1,823)
Net cash used for operating activities		(87,155)		(55,810)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment		(815)		(2,762)
Proceeds from sale of equipment		1,426		—
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities		611		(2,762)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under stock plans		793		811
Proceeds from common stock issuance, net of $230 of transaction costs		97,743		—
Net cash provided by financing activities		98,536		811
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		11,992		(57,761)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period		176,225		262,252
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	188,217	$	204,491

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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IMMUNOGEN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2020

A.	Nature of Business and Plan of Operations

ImmunoGen, Inc. (the Company) was incorporated in Massachusetts in 1981 and is focused on the development of antibody-drug conjugates, or ADCs. The Company has generally incurred operating losses and negative cash flows from operations since inception, incurred a net loss of $75.8 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020, and has an accumulated deficit of approximately $1.4 billion as of September 30, 2020. The Company has primarily funded these losses through payments received from its collaborations and equity, convertible debt, and other financings. To date, the Company has no product revenue and management expects operating losses to continue for the foreseeable future.

At September 30, 2020, the Company had $188.2 million of cash and cash equivalents on hand. The Company anticipates that its current capital resources, inclusive of approximately $54.0 million of net proceeds generated from an Open Market Sale Agreement^SM in October 2020, and anticipated payments from collaborators, including a $40.0 million upfront license payment from a newly executed agreement detailed in Note B below, will enable it to meet its operational expenses and capital expenditures for more than twelve months after the date these financial statements are issued. The Company may raise additional funds through equity, debt, or other financings, or generate revenues from collaborators through a combination of upfront license payments, milestone payments, royalty payments, and research funding. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain additional equity, debt, or other financing or generate revenues from collaborators on terms acceptable to the Company or at all. The failure of the Company to obtain sufficient funds on acceptable terms when needed could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations, and financial condition and require the Company to defer or limit some or all of its research, development, and/or clinical projects.

The Company is subject to risks common to companies in the biotechnology industry including, but not limited to, the development by its competitors of new technological innovations, dependence on key personnel, protection of proprietary technology, manufacturing and marketing limitations, complexities associated with managing collaboration arrangements, third-party reimbursements, and compliance with governmental regulations.

B.	Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, ImmunoGen Securities Corp., ImmunoGen Europe Limited, ImmunoGen BioPharma (Ireland) Limited, and Hurricane, LLC. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. The consolidated financial statements include all of the adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which management considers necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. for interim financial information. The December 31, 2019 consolidated balance sheet presented for comparative purposes was derived from the Company’s audited financial statements, and certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the Company’s annual financial statements have been condensed or omitted. The preparation of interim financial statements requires the use of management’s estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the interim financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenditures during the reported periods. The results of the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results for the entire year. Accordingly, the interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on March 11, 2020.

Subsequent Events

On September 25, 2020, the Company entered into an Open Market Sale Agreement^SM (the Sale Agreement) with Jefferies LLC, as sales agent, under which the Company may issue and sell shares of its common stock, from time to time for an aggregate sales price of up to $100.0 million through Jefferies. Subsequent to September 30, 2020 and through the date the Company issued these financial statements, the Company has sold approximately 12.9 million shares

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of its common stock under the Sale Agreement for net proceeds of approximately $54.0 million after deducting offering commissions and expenses.

On October 12, 2020, the Company and Viridian Therapeutics, Inc. (Viridian) entered into a license agreement pursuant to which the Company granted Viridian the exclusive right to develop and commercialize an insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) antibody for all non-oncology indications that do not use radiopharmaceuticals in exchange for an upfront payment, with the potential to receive additional developmental milestone payments of approximately $50.0 million and up to $95.0 million in sales milestone payments plus mid-single-digit royalties on the commercial sales of any resulting product. Viridian was subsequently acquired by miRagen Therapeutics, Inc. (miRagen). miRagen is responsible for the manufacturing, development, and marketing of any products resulting from the license agreement.

On October 19, 2020, the Company and Hangzhou Zhongmei Huadong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Huadong), a subsidiary of Huadong Medicine Co., Ltd., entered into a Collaboration and License Agreement (the License Agreement), pursuant to which the Company granted Huadong the exclusive right to develop and commercialize mirvetuximab soravtansine (the Licensed Product) in the People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan (collectively, Greater China). The Company retains exclusive rights to the Licensed Product outside of Greater China. Under the terms of the License Agreement, the Company is entitled to receive a non-refundable $40.0 million upfront payment and up to $265.0 million in milestone payments upon achievement of certain development and regulatory objectives in the United States and in Greater China and for the achievement of certain annual net sales levels of the Licensed Product in Greater China. In addition, Huadong is obligated to pay the Company tiered percentage royalties ranging from low double digits to high teens as a percentage of commercial sales of the Licensed Product, if approved, by Huadong in Greater China, subject to adjustment in specified circumstances. Huadong is also responsible for costs related to the development of the Licensed Product in Greater China.

The Company has evaluated all other events or transactions that occurred after September 30, 2020, up through the date the Company issued these financial statements. The Company did not have any other material recognized or unrecognized subsequent events during this period.

Revenue Recognition

The Company enters into licensing and development agreements with collaborators for the development of ADCs. The terms of these agreements contain multiple promised goods and services which may include (i) licenses, or options to obtain licenses, to the Company’s ADC technology, (ii) rights to future technological improvements, and (iii) miscellaneous other activities to be performed on behalf of the collaborative partner. Payments to the Company under these agreements may include upfront fees, option fees, exercise fees, payments for miscellaneous other activities, payments based upon the achievement of certain milestones, and royalties on product sales. The Company follows the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, Topic 606 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606) in accounting for these agreements.

Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In determining the appropriate amount of revenue to be recognized as it fulfills its obligations under the agreements, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identification of the promised goods or services in the contract; (ii) determination of whether the promised goods or services are performance obligations, including whether they are distinct in the context of the contract; (iii) measurement of the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when or as the Company satisfies each performance obligation.

The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the Company will collect the consideration to which it is entitled in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. At contract inception, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within each contract and determines those that are performance obligations, based on whether each promised good or service is distinct from other promised goods and services. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when or as the performance obligation is satisfied.

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As part of the accounting for these arrangements, the Company must develop assumptions that require judgment to determine the selling price for each performance obligation that was identified in the contract, which is discussed in further detail below.

At September 30, 2020, the Company had the following types of material agreements with the parties identified below:

●

Development and commercialization licenses, which provide the counterparty with the right to use the Company’s ADC technology and/or certain other intellectual property to develop and commercialize anticancer compounds to a specified antigen target:

Bayer (one exclusive single-target license)

CytomX (two exclusive single-target licenses)

Debiopharm (one exclusive single-compound license)

Fusion Pharmaceuticals (one exclusive single-target license)

Novartis (five exclusive single-target licenses)

Oxford BioTherapeutics/Menarini (one exclusive single target license sublicensed from Amgen)

Roche, through its Genentech unit (five exclusive single-target licenses)

Sanofi (five fully-paid, exclusive single-target licenses)

●

Collaboration and option agreement for a defined period of time to secure a license to co-develop and co-commercialize a specified anticancer compound on established terms:

Jazz Pharmaceuticals

●

Collaboration and license agreement to co-develop and co-commercialize a specified anticancer compound on established terms:

MacroGenics

There are no performance, cancellation, termination, or refund provisions in any of the arrangements that contain material financial consequences to the Company.

Development and Commercialization Licenses

The obligations under a development and commercialization license agreement generally include the license to the Company’s ADC technology with respect to a specified antigen target, and may also include obligations related to rights to future technological improvements and miscellaneous other activities to be performed on behalf of the collaborative partner.

Generally, development and commercialization licenses contain non-refundable terms for payments and, depending on the terms of the agreement, provide that the Company will earn payments upon the achievement of certain milestones and royalty payments, generally until the later of the last applicable patent expiration or a fixed period of years after product launch. Royalty rates may vary over the royalty term depending on the Company’s intellectual property rights and/or the presence of comparable competing products. In the case of Sanofi, its licenses are fully-paid and no further milestones or royalties will be received. In the case of Debiopharm, no royalties will be received. The Company may also provide technical assistance and share any technology improvements with its collaborators during the term of the collaboration agreements. The Company does not directly control when or whether any collaborator will request research, achieve milestones, or become liable for royalty payments.

In determining the performance obligations, management evaluates whether the license is distinct, and has significant standalone functionality, from the other goods and services promised to the collaborative partner based on the consideration of the relevant facts and circumstances for each arrangement. Factors considered in this determination include the research capabilities of the partner and the availability of ADC technology research expertise in the general marketplace and whether technological improvements are required for the continued functionality of the license. If the license to the Company’s intellectual property is determined to be distinct, the Company recognizes revenues from non-

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refundable, upfront fees allocated to the license when the license is transferred to the customer and the customer is able to use and benefit from the license.

The Company estimates the selling prices of the license and all other performance obligations based on market conditions, similar arrangements entered into by third parties, and entity-specific factors such as the terms of the Company’s previous collaborative agreements, recent preclinical and clinical testing results of therapeutic products that use the Company’s ADC technology, the Company’s pricing practices and pricing objectives, the likelihood that technological improvements will be made, and, if made, will be used by the Company’s collaborators, and the nature of the other services to be performed on behalf of its collaborators and market rates for similar services.

The Company recognizes revenue related to other services as they are performed. The Company is compensated at negotiated rates that are consistent with what other third parties would charge. The Company records amounts received for services performed as a component of research and development support revenue.

The Company recognizes revenue related to the rights to future technological improvements over the estimated term of the applicable license.

The Company’s development and commercialization license agreements have milestone payments which for reporting purposes are aggregated into three categories: (i) development milestones, (ii) regulatory milestones, and (iii) sales milestones. Development milestones are typically payable when a product candidate initiates or advances into different clinical trial phases. Regulatory milestones are typically payable upon submission for marketing approval with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or other countries’ regulatory authorities or on receipt of actual marketing approvals for the compound or for additional indications. Sales milestones are typically payable when annual sales reach certain levels.

At the inception of each arrangement that includes development and regulatory milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether the achievement of each milestone specifically relates to the Company’s efforts to satisfy a performance obligation or transfer a distinct good or service within a performance obligation. If the achievement of a milestone is considered a direct result of the Company’s efforts to satisfy a performance obligation or transfer a distinct good or service and the receipt of the payment is based upon the achievement of the milestone, the associated milestone value is allocated to that distinct good or service. If the milestone payment is not specifically related to the Company’s effort to satisfy a performance obligation or transfer a distinct good or service, the amount is allocated to all performance obligations using the relative standalone selling price method. In addition, the Company evaluates the milestone to determine whether the milestone is considered probable of being reached and estimates the amount to be included in the transaction price using the most likely amount method. If it is probable that a significant revenue reversal would not occur, the associated milestone value is included in the transaction price to be allocated; otherwise, such amounts are considered constrained and excluded from the transaction price. At the end of each subsequent reporting period, the Company re-evaluates the probability of achievement of such development or regulatory milestones and any related constraint and, if necessary, adjusts its estimate of the transaction price. Any such adjustments to the transaction price are allocated to the performance obligations on the same basis as at contract inception. Amounts allocated to a satisfied performance obligation shall be recognized as revenue, or as a reduction of revenue, in the period in which the transaction price changes.

For development and commercialization license agreements that include sales-based royalties, including milestone payments based on the level of sales, and the license is deemed to be the predominant item to which the royalties relate, the Company recognizes revenue at the later of (i) when the related sales occur, or (ii) when the performance obligation to which some or all of the royalty has been allocated has been satisfied (or partially satisfied) in accordance with the royalty recognition constraint. Under the Company’s development and commercialization license agreements, except for the Sanofi and Debiopharm licenses, the Company receives royalty payments based upon its licensees’ net sales of covered products. Generally, under the development and commercialization agreements, the Company receives royalty reports and payments from its licensees approximately one quarter in arrears. The Company estimates the amount of royalty revenue to be recognized based on historical and forecasted sales and/or sales information from its licensees if available.

Collaboration and Option Agreements/Right-to-Test Agreements

The Company’s right-to-test agreements provide collaborators the right to test the Company’s ADC technology for a defined period of time through a research, or right-to-test, license. Under both right-to-test agreements and

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collaboration and option agreements, collaborators may (a) take options, for a defined period of time, to specified targets and (b) upon exercise of those options, secure or “take” licenses to develop and commercialize products for the specified targets on established terms. Under these agreements, fees may be due to the Company (i) at the inception of the arrangement (referred to as “upfront” fees or payments), (ii) upon the opt-in to acquire a development and commercialization license(s) (referred to as exercise fees or payments earned, if any, when the development and commercialization license is “taken”), (iii) after providing services at the collaborator’s request at negotiated prices, which are generally consistent with what other third parties would charge, or (iv) upon some combination of all of these fees.

The accounting for collaboration and option agreements and right-to-test agreements is dependent on the nature of the options granted to the collaborative partner. Options are considered distinct performance obligations if they provide a collaborator with a material right. Factors that are considered in evaluating whether options convey a material right include the overall objective of the arrangement, the benefit the collaborator might obtain from the agreement without exercising the options, the cost to exercise the options relative to the fair value of the licenses, and the additional financial commitments or economic penalties imposed on the collaborator as a result of exercising the options. As of September 30, 2020, all material right-to-test agreements have expired.

If the Company concludes that an option provides the customer a material right, and therefore is a separate performance obligation, the Company then determines the estimated selling prices of the option and all other units of accounting using the following inputs: (a) estimated fair value of each program, (b) the amount the partner would pay to exercise the option to obtain the license, and (c) probability of exercise.

The Company does not control when or if any collaborator will exercise its options for development and commercialization licenses. As a result, the Company cannot predict when or if it will recognize revenues in connection with any of the foregoing.

Upfront payments on development and commercialization licenses may be recognized upon delivery of the license if facts and circumstances dictate that the license has stand-alone functionality and is distinct from the undelivered elements.

In determining whether a collaboration and option agreement is within the scope of ASC 808, Collaborative Arrangements, management evaluates the level of involvement of both companies in the development and commercialization of the products to determine if both parties are active participants and if both parties are exposed to risks and rewards dependent on the commercial success of the licensed products. If the agreement is determined to be within the scope of ASC 808, the Company segregates the research and development activities and the related cost sharing arrangement. Payments made by the Company for such activities will be recorded as research and development expense and reimbursements received from its partner will be recognized as an offset to research and development expense.

Transaction Price Allocated to Future Performance Obligations

Deferred revenue represents the transaction price of contracts for which work has not been performed (or has been partially performed) and includes unexercised contract options that are considered material rights. As of September 30, 2020, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations comprising deferred revenue was $130.5 million. The Company expects to recognize revenue on approximately 3%, 86%, and 11% of the remaining performance obligations over the next 12 months, 13 to 60 months, and 61 to 120 months, respectively; however, it does not control when or if any collaborator will exercise its options for, or terminate existing development and commercialization licenses.

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Contract Balances from Contracts with Customers

The following table presents changes in the Company’s contract assets and contract liabilities during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands):


	Balance at								Balance at
Nine months ended September 30, 2020	December 31, 2019		Additions		Deductions		Impact of Netting		September 30, 2020
Contract asset	$	3,631	$	—	$	(8,000)	$	4,369	$	—
Contract liabilities	$	127,432	$	50	$	(1,325)	$	4,369	$	130,526



	Balance at						Balance at
Nine months ended September 30, 2019	December 31, 2018		Additions		Deductions		September 30, 2019
Contract asset	$	500	$	—	$	(500)	$	—
Contract liabilities	$	80,802	$	65,287	$	(237)	$	145,852

The Company recognized the following revenues as a result of changes in contract asset and contract liability balances in the respective periods (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Revenue recognized in the period from:
Amounts included in contract liabilities at the beginning of the period	$	72	$	79	$	1,300	$	237
Performance obligations satisfied in previous periods	$	25	$	—	$	25	$	5,000

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recorded $0.2 million as license and milestone fee revenue for delivery of certain materials to CytomX that had been previously deferred and $1.1 million of amortization of deferred revenue related to numerous collaborators’ rights to technological improvements, which includes $0.9 million related to termination of the license agreement with Takeda. Additionally, a contract asset of $3.6 million, net of $4.4 million in related contract liabilities, was recorded for two probable milestones in 2019 pursuant to license agreements with CytomX and Novartis, which were subsequently achieved during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

A contract asset of $0.5 million was recorded for a probable milestone in 2018 pursuant to a license agreement with Fusion Pharmaceuticals, which was subsequently paid during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company received a $5.0 million regulatory milestone payment earned under its license agreement with Genentech, a member of the Roche Group. The full amount of the milestone was recognized as revenue in the period as the amount allocated to future rights to technological improvements was not material. Also during the nine months ended September 30, 2019, $65.2 million was recorded as deferred revenue as a result of a sale of the Company’s residual rights to receive royalty payments on commercial sales of Kadcyla^® (ado-trastuzumab emtansine) as discussed in Note E, and $0.2 million of amortization of deferred revenue was recorded related to numerous collaborators’ rights to technological improvements.

The timing of revenue recognition, billings, and cash collections results in billed receivables, contract assets, and contract liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. When consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a contract, a contract liability is recorded. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue after control of the products or services is transferred to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria have been met.

Financial Instruments and Concentration of Credit Risk

Cash and cash equivalents are primarily maintained with three financial institutions in the U.S. Deposits with banks may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. Generally, these deposits may be redeemed upon demand and, therefore, bear minimal risk. The Company’s cash equivalents consist of money market funds with underlying investments primarily being U.S. Government-issued securities and high quality, short term commercial paper. Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash

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equivalents, and marketable securities. The Company held no marketable securities as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The Company’s investment policy, approved by the Board of Directors, limits the amount it may invest in any one type of investment, thereby reducing credit risk concentrations.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

All highly liquid financial instruments with maturities of three months or less when purchased are considered cash equivalents. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company held $188.2 million and $176.2 million, respectively, in cash and money market funds, which were classified as cash and cash equivalents.

Non-cash Investing and Financing Activities

The Company had $0.1 million of accrued capital expenditures as of September 30, 2020, which have been treated as a non-cash investing activity and, accordingly, are not reflected in the consolidated statement of cash flows. The Company had no accrued capital expenditures as of December 31, 2019.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value is defined under ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The standard describes a hierarchy to measure fair value which is based on three levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable, as follows:

●

Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

●

Level 2 - Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

●

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

As of September 30, 2020, the Company held certain assets that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The following table represents the fair value hierarchy for the Company’s financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2020 (in thousands):

Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2020 Using

Quoted Prices in

Significant

Active Markets for

Significant Other

Unobservable

Identical Assets

Observable Inputs

Inputs

Total

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

Cash equivalents

168,967

—

As of December 31, 2019, the Company held certain assets that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The following table represents the fair value hierarchy for the Company’s financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands):

Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2019 Using

Quoted Prices in

Significant

Active Markets for

Significant Other

Unobservable

Identical Assets

Observable Inputs

Inputs

Total

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

Cash equivalents

163,674

—

The fair value of the Company’s cash equivalents is based on quoted prices from active markets.

The carrying amounts reflected in the consolidated balance sheets for accounts receivable, unbilled revenue, prepaid and other current assets, accounts payable, accrued compensation, and other accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to their short-term nature. The estimated fair value of the convertible 4.5% senior notes (the Convertible Notes) and gross carrying value were both $2.1 million as of September 30, 2020 and $3.0 million and $2.1 million, respectively,

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as of December 31, 2019. The fair value of the Convertible Notes is influenced by interest rates, the Company’s stock price and stock price volatility, and by prices observed in trading activity for the Convertible Notes. However, because there have been no trades involving the Convertible Notes since September 2019, the fair value as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 uses Level 3 inputs.

Unbilled Revenue/Reimbursement

Unbilled revenue/reimbursement substantially represents research funding earned based on actual resources utilized and external expenses incurred under certain of the Company’s collaboration agreements.

Clinical Trial Accruals

Clinical trial expenses are a significant component of research and development expenses, and the Company outsources a significant portion of these costs to third parties. Third party clinical trial expenses include investigator fees, site costs (patient costs), clinical research organization costs, and costs for central laboratory testing and data management. The accrual for site and patient costs includes inputs such as estimates of patient enrollment, patient cycles incurred, clinical site activations, and other pass-through costs. These inputs are required to be estimated due to a lag in receiving the actual clinical information from third parties. Payments for these activities are based on the terms of the individual arrangements, which may differ from the pattern of costs incurred, and are reflected on the consolidated balance sheets as prepaid assets or accrued clinical trial costs. These third party agreements are generally cancelable, and related costs are recorded as research and development expenses as incurred. Non-refundable advance payments for goods or services that will be used or rendered for future R&D activities are recorded as a prepaid asset and recognized as expense as the related goods are delivered or the related services are performed. The Company also records accruals for estimated ongoing clinical research and development costs. When evaluating the adequacy of the accrued liabilities, the Company analyzes progress of the studies, including the phase or completion of events, invoices received, and contracted costs. Significant judgments and estimates may be made in determining the accrued balances at the end of any reporting period. Actual results could differ from the estimates made by the Company. The historical clinical accrual estimates made by the Company have not been materially different from the actual costs.

Leases

Effective January 1, 2019, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, 2016-2, Leases (Topic 842), the details of which are further discussed in Note H. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases include right-of-use (ROU) assets and operating lease liabilities (current and non-current), which are recorded in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Single payment capital leases for equipment that are considered finance leases are included in property and equipment in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. As the single payment obligations have all been made, there is no related liability recorded.

ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The Company uses the implicit rate when readily determinable. As a number of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate applicable to the Company based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. As the Company has no existing or proposed collateralized borrowing arrangements, to determine a reasonable incremental borrowing rate, the Company considers collateral assumptions, the lease term, the Company’s current credit risk profile, and rates for existing borrowing arrangements for comparable peer companies. The Company accounts for the lease and fixed non-lease components as a single lease component. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for operating lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Computation of Net Loss per Common Share

Basic and diluted net loss per share is calculated based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. During periods of income, participating securities are allocated a proportional share of income determined by dividing total weighted average participating securities by the sum of the total weighted average common shares and participating securities (the two-class method). Shares of the Company’s restricted stock participate in any dividends that may be declared by the Company and are therefore considered to be participating securities. Participating securities have the effect of diluting both basic and diluted earnings per share during periods of income.

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During periods of loss, no loss is allocated to participating securities since they have no contractual obligation to share in the losses of the Company. Diluted (loss) income per share is computed after giving consideration to the dilutive effect of stock options, convertible notes, and restricted stock that are outstanding during the period, except where such non-participating securities would be anti-dilutive.

The Company’s common stock equivalents, as calculated in accordance with the treasury-stock method for the options and unvested restricted stock and the if-converted method for the Convertible Notes, are shown in the following table (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	September 30,		September 30,
	2020	2019	2020	2019
Options outstanding to purchase common stock, shares issuable under the employee stock purchase plan, and unvested restricted stock/units at end of period	19,181	18,754	19,181	18,754
Common stock equivalents under treasury stock method for options, shares issuable under the employee stock purchase plan, and unvested restricted stock	929	731	1,112	926
Shares issuable upon conversion of convertible notes at end of period	501	501	501	501
Common stock equivalents under if-converted method for convertible notes	501	501	501	501

The Company’s common stock equivalents have not been included in the net loss per share calculation because their effect is anti-dilutive due to the Company’s net loss position.

Stock-Based Compensation

As of September 30, 2020, the Company was authorized to grant future awards under three employee share-based compensation plans, which are the ImmunoGen, Inc. 2018 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (the 2018 Plan), the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP), and the ImmunoGen Inducement Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (the Inducement Plan). At the annual meeting of shareholders on June 20, 2018, the 2018 Plan was approved and provides for the issuance of Stock Grants, the grant of Options, and the grant of Stock-Based Awards for up to 7,500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, as well as up to 19,500,000 shares of common stock which represent awards granted under the previous stock option plans, the ImmunoGen, Inc. 2016 and 2006 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plans, that forfeit, expire, or cancel without delivery of shares of common stock or which resulted in the forfeiture of shares of common stock back to the Company subsequent to June 19, 2018. The Inducement Plan was approved the by Board of Directors in December 2019, and pursuant to subsequent amendments, provides for the issuance of non-qualified option grants for up to 1,500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. Options awarded under the two plans are granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of the Company’s stock at the date of grant. Options vest at various periods of up to four years and may be exercised within ten years of the date of grant.

The stock-based awards are accounted for under ASC Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation. Pursuant to Topic 718, the estimated grant date fair value of awards is charged to the statement of operations and comprehensive loss over the requisite service period, which is the vesting period. Such amounts have been reduced by an estimate of forfeitures of all unvested awards. The fair value of each stock option is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the weighted average assumptions noted in the following table. As the Company has not paid dividends since inception, nor does it expect to pay any dividends for the foreseeable future, the expected dividend yield assumption is zero. Expected volatility is based exclusively on historical volatility of the Company’s stock. The expected term of stock options granted is based exclusively on historical data and represents the period of time that stock options granted are expected to be outstanding. The expected term is calculated for and applied to one group of stock options as the Company does not expect substantially different exercise or post-vesting termination behavior among its option recipients. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury rate in effect at the time of grant for the expected term of the stock options.

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	Three Months Ended September 30,		Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2020	2019	2020	2019
Dividend	None	None	None	None
Volatility	88.3%	81.6%	85.0%	76.3%
Risk-free interest rate	.36%	1.78%	1.23%	2.24%
Expected life (years)	6.0	6.0	6.0	6.0

Using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, the weighted average grant date fair values of options granted during the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 were $4.56 and $1.68 per share, respectively, and $4.57 and $2.85 for options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

A summary of option activity under the Company’s equity plans as of September 30, 2020, and changes during the nine-month period then ended is presented below (in thousands, except weighted-average data):


		Weighted-
	Number	Average
	of Stock	Exercise
	Options	Price
Outstanding at December 31, 2019	13,518	$	7.53
Granted	7,256		4.57
Exercised	(175)		2.81
Forfeited/Canceled	(1,715)		9.52
Outstanding at September 30, 2020	18,884	$	6.26

In September 2018, the Company granted 295,200 performance-based stock options to certain employees that will vest in two equal installments upon the achievement of specified performance goals. At September 30, 2020, 128,700 of these options are still outstanding. In the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company issued 2.6 million additional performance stock options that will vest in four installments upon the achievement of specified performance goals. The Company determined it is not currently probable that any of these performance goals will be achieved and, therefore, no expense has been recorded to date. The fair value of the performance-based options that could be expensed in future periods, net of estimated forfeitures, is $9.4 million.

A summary of restricted stock and restricted stock unit activity, inclusive of performance-based restricted stock awards, under the Company’s equity plans as of September 30, 2020, and changes during the nine-month period then ended is presented below (in thousands):


	Number of	Weighted-
	Restricted	Average Grant
	Stock Shares	Date Fair Value
Unvested at December 31, 2019	1,297	$	2.97
Vested	(513)		2.62
Forfeited	(487)		3.62
Unvested at September 30, 2020	297		2.55

In 2016, 2017, and 2019, the Company granted shares of performance-based restricted common stock to certain employees of the Company. All but 57,400 of these granted shares have since been forfeited. The restrictions on these shares will lapse in three equal installments upon the achievement of specified performance goals. The Company determined it is not currently probable that these performance goals will be achieved and, therefore, no expense has been recorded to date. The fair value of the performance-based shares that could be expensed in future periods, net of estimated forfeitures, is $142,000.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, holders of options issued under the Company’s equity plans exercised their rights to acquire an aggregate of approximately 175,000 shares of common stock at prices ranging from $2.31 to $3.05 per share. The total proceeds to the Company from these option exercises were $0.5 million.

In June 2018, the Company's Board of Directors, with shareholder approval, adopted the ESPP. An aggregate of 1,000,000 shares of common stock have been reserved for issuance under the ESPP. On June 30, 2020 and June 30, 2019, 78,000, and 323,000 shares, respectively, were issued to participating employees at a fair value of $1.86 and $1.63 per share, respectively. The fair value of each ESPP award is estimated on the first day of the offering period using the Black-

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Scholes option-pricing model. The assumptions used in the calculations for each offering period are noted in the table below. The Company recognizes share-based compensation expense equal to the fair value of the ESPP awards on a straight-line basis over the offering period.